Lensyl Urbano – Page 158 – Montessori Muddle

Microscope photography!!!

slide-view — Algae and amoebas at 400 times magnification.

Did you know that if you hold up a regular digital camera up to the eyepiece of a microscope you can take a great picture of a magnified slide! I didn’t. And I really didn’t think it would work when I tried it, but the results are remarkable. With a somewhat steady hand you can also make decent animations.

zippy-amoeba-5 — If you look carefully you can see the amoebas zipping around. I also have a really cool larger version too, which shows the entire slide..

I’ve never been very good at identifying things (I’m a lumper not a splitter) so all I think I can say for sure is that there are algae and protozoans in the picture. BiologyCorner has a nice identification guide for organisms usually found in ponds, which is part of one of their lessons, Biodiversity of Ponds.

Layered meanings

Daily life, for all its basic routine, is always popping up surprises. The human brain is attracted to mystery; it is after all just a fancy problem solving machine. David Mitchell gets up on his soap box to give a wonderful screed about how having sophisticated references tucked into childrens’ programming is a good thing and there should be more of it. Kids are naturally curious. If they’re interested enough they’ll look it up, and, in the age of the internet search engine and smartphones, the barriers to looking anything up are negligible. So include more Greek references in your discussions because although inciting curiosity in the internet age is a bit like opening Pandora’s box, you’re much more likely to get better results.

It also ties a bit into Montessori Philosophy. Students start “playing” with artifacts like the binomial cube in kindergarden, where the goal is to convey mathematical concepts is a solid, sensorial way. They don’t get into binomial formula until years later in algebra, but their familiarity with the cube allows them to take the step into the abstraction of algebra on familiar, safer ground.

This discussion also highlights one of the major advantages of using websites and hypertext for educational materials. References can be embedded in the text with links to credible sources even further reducing the transaction costs of the student having to search around the web trying to look something up. There is an argument to be had, however, on if hyperlinking is too distracting and reduces our ability to focus, but perhaps we need to work on study habits and using invisible hyperlinks rather than not using technology altogether.

(I discovered David Michell’s Soap Box via Somewhat in the Air, who notes that, “Few of David Mitchell’s posts are child friendly but the “Passionate about Sofas” is terribly funny, too.”)

Synthesizing the history of life

Sparking curiosity with the Toilet Paper Timeline, then following up with the beautifully drawn Cartoon History of the Universe seemed to work pretty well to keep students interested and engaged in their work. However, in putting it all together in their presentations we needed a simple graphic organizer to point out the highlights.

The History of Life on Earth timeline I put together to start with gives the broad overview, but we need to telescope the Cambrian to observe the really interesting, broad patterns in the evolution of multicellular life.

There are two key ideas I want students to get from these exercises. The first is what the Montessori lessons call the Gifts of the Phylum, which boils down to the fact that different Phyla represent major milestones in evolutionary development. For example, Cnidaria, the phylum of jellyfish, are important evolutionarily because they mark the emergence of organisms with endoderms and exoderms.

The second important concept regards the cycles of extinction and diversification that can be found in the fossil record. Dinosaurs emerge after the Permian-Triassic extinction event and diversify; large and small species, carnivorous and herbivorous, land based and ocean based. Similarly, after the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction wipes out the dinosaurs, mammals take over and diversify to fill all the empty niches; elephants and mice, tigers and gazelles, rinos and whales.

Resurrecting the greenhouse

Two years ago, the middle school’s flagship project was to put up a fully functional greenhouse (using this design). It took all year but we did it. On the way, we got to practice geometry, mapping and construction, while learning and growing plants and studying soil profiles. It was so successful that, with our spring plant sale we broke even on the entire project.

Last year, however, the greenhouse was somewhat neglected. My plans to add an automatic window opener, which would have been a wonderful tie-in to our electronics and Newtonian physics studies, did not work out; we just did not have the time. We’d taken the plastic covering off, so only the bare, forlorn PVC frame was left standing around a plot of waist-high weeds.

Though I could not have predicted it, this year we have a strong core group of students who are highly enthusiastic about resurrecting the greenhouse and making it work. My suggestion was that we try to grow produce this fall that we could cook in December when we do our Dinner and a Show. Well, two weeks in, they’ve already put together a menu plan, weeding is well on its way and I’m being harassed to hurry up and arrange a trip to Home Depot. The excitement is so infectious that another student has volunteered to bring in his electric weed-whacker during the immersion. It’s amazing!

I’m having the hardest time not butting in. There is a beauty in seeing a well oiled machine executing a project or solving a difficult problem. But there is another even more wonderful aesthetic visible in a the birthing struggles of a nascent team. The forward motion of infectious enthusiasm is pulling puzzle pieces into its wake, and the pieces just seem to click into place when the time is right. I have to keep reminding myself that my job is to prepare the environment and let the kids do the rest.

Shades of grey

We’re focusing on the biological sciences in the natural world this year. I’m a great admirer of the sketches and illustrations in the notebooks of the great naturalists so that’s how I plan to integrate art. Our art teacher is a great help, and she started us up with sketching in pencil and our first exercise was to get a feel for the different soft pencils. The little panel we shaded in with B, 2B, 4B and 6B pencils is a nice metaphor for what we’re working on in middle school.

There was a bit of giggling though. Last year one of the poems presented was:

Said Hamlet to Ophelia,
I’ll draw a sketch of thee,
What kind of pencil shall I use?
2B or not 2B?
– Spike Milligan

This was just before we saw Hamlet in St. Louis. Though I don’t know if the poem make the famous line more comprehensible.

shakespeare-01 — Hamlet in the park in St. Louis.

Art and Science

Yes, it’s probably just me. But I find this image somewhat mesmerizing. To me this little animation has lots of meaning. It represents an important culmination to a lot of work. Yet it has, on its own, an aesthetic independent of that context. At least to me.

Music in the morning

We did poetry in the mornings last year at the end of our community meetings as a substitute for musical appreciation. However, the inestimable Anna Clarke, sent me the link to NPR’s 100 most important American musical works of the 20th century. The 8-13 minute long pieces include excerpts of the music, an interview with someone connected to the music and commentary by the NPR reporter. First on the list is ‘Adagio for Strings’ by Samuel Barber.

I’ve also caught their series on 50 great voices which is a great place to discover some truly iconic voices from around the world that I did not even know about.