Superfund Sites in Your Area – And Other Environmental Cleanups in Your Community

Want to find your nearest superfund site? The EPA has an interactive page called, Clean Up My Community, that maps brownfields, hazardous waste, and superfund sites anywhere in the U.S.

Note:

Brownfields are places, usually in cities, that can’t be easily re-developed because there’s some existing pollution on the site.
Superfund sites are places where there is hazardous pollution that the government is cleaning up because the companies that caused the pollution have gone out of business, or because the government caused the pollution in the first place. The military is probably the biggest source of government pollution, particularly from fuel leaks and radioactive waste.

3d Molecule of the Month

cyclohexane — Cyclohexane, from the interactive model on 3Dchem.com.

Molecular models tend to fascinate. As a introduction to the chemistry of elements, students seem to like putting them together, and they tend to enjoy finding out what their molecules are called.

You can’t beat fitting together molecules by hand as a learning experience, but 3Dchem has a nice collection of interactive, three-dimensional molecules, including molecules of the month.

spiral-periodic-table — Periodic spiral of the elements (from 3Dchem.com).

They also have three-dimensional periodic tables showing the sizes of the atoms in the traditional tabular form as well as a spiral.

elements-by-size — Periodic Table showing the elements by size.

Surf Your Watershed: Environmental Data About U.S. Watersheds, and Information on How to Get Involved

The EPA has a number of excellent tools on its website that give access to a lot of environmental information. The Surf Your Watershed pages are particularly nice because they have specific links to citizen-based groups working in your watershed. Ours is the Lower Missouri Watershed, and the groups working there include schools, groups concerned about fish, and land trusts.

The site also links to the USGS streamflow data and some of their scientific research done in the area.

EPA’s Enviromapper

epa-enviromapper — Enviromapper via the EPA. Image links to the map for St. Albans, MO, but you can find information for anywhere in the U.S..

The EPA’s Enviromapper website is great way to identify sources of hazardous materials and other types of pollution in your area, which might be a good way of stirring up student interest in the topic.

Not only can you map the broad category of pollution – air, water, radiation etc – but you can also find specific information about the different types of pollution or potential pollution the EPA has information about. I found a nearby site with sulfuric acid, for example.

And, if you want to slog through a lot of closely written reports, you can find a lot more details about any site you come across. Some of this information might also be useful – who knows?

The CoolMath Website

A colleague recommended the Cool Math website as something she uses as a supplement for her students. There are some games for the younger kids, and lessons in pre-algebra through algebra for secondary students. I’ve glanced through a few of the pre-algebra lessons, and like them. They’re short, fairly clearly written, and have good diagrams.

Algebra lessons at Coolmath.com

The site is also friendly to homeschoolers and their parents, with a decent teacher’s area that outlines the author’s perspective on teaching math.

Their Survivor Algebra is an interesting approach to encouraging peer teaching by breaking the class into “tribes” and giving bonus points on tests if all members of the tribe do well. I’m not sure I like the extrinsic motivation of the prizes and test score bonuses but I think there might be some good aspects of this type of classroom organization in very large classes.

It’s a very interesting site that’s worth investigating.

93 Ways to Prove Pythagoras’ Theorem

Pythagoras-2a-300 — Geometric proof of the Pythagorean Theorem by rearrangemention from Wikimedia Commons' user Joaquim Alves Gat. Animaspar.

Elegant in its simplicity but profound in its application, the Pythagorean Theorem is one of the fundamentals of geometry. Mathematician Alexander Bogomolny has dedicated a page to cataloging 93 ways of proving the theorem (he also has, on a separate page, six wrong proofs).

Some of the proofs are simple and elegant. Others are quite elaborate, but the page is a nice place to skim through, and Bogomolny has some neat, interactive applets for demonstrations. The Wikipedia article on the theorem also has some nice animated gifs that are worth a look.

Cut the Knot is also a great website to peruse. Bogomolny is quite distraught about the state of math education, and this is his attempt to do something about it. He lays this out in his manifesto. Included in this remarkable window into the mind of a mathematician are some wonderful anecdotes about free vs. pedantic thinking and a collection of quotes that address the question, “Is math beautiful?”

Mathematics, rightly viewed, possesses not only truth, but supreme beauty — a beauty cold and austere, like that of sculpture, without appeal to any part of our weaker nature, without the gorgeous trappings of painting or music, yet sublimely pure, and capable of a stern perfection such as only the greatest art can show.

– Bertrand Russell (1872-1970), The Study of Mathematics via Cut the Knot.

Setting up a Computer with Free Software

[Updated: 7/22/17] The open-source and free-software movements have matured to the point where a teacher or student can reliably outfit a new computer with software that is free and compatible with their proprietary cousins.

The first place to look for free software for whatever purpose you need should probably be ~~SourceForge~~. It feels odd having to say this, but it’s legal, free software. Mind you, it has a lot of programs that are still in development, many are not terribly polished, and not everything will be available for your operating system. Add in a few other pieces, like Firefox and OpenOffice, and you have all the basics you need for a basic loadout. I typically find these to be most useful.

LibreOffice or OpenOffice: Free, but not as powerful alternatives to MicroSoft Office. They can open and save MS Office files, but also has some of the irritating auto-formatting issues as Office. So for text editing I usually prefer Smultron (on Mac) or Atom (on Windows). Also, Gnumeric is an excellent alternative to Excel.
Atom (Windows and Linux): An extremely versatile text editor that a lot of my students like for coding.
Smultron (Mac): for writing text and only text, forget the formatting (and also useful for writing computer programs).
Firefox: For web browsing.
GIMP: instead of PhotoShop for editing images.
Inkscape: For drawing diagrams (like this one).
VUE: For mindmaps (like this) and flow charts.
Audacity: works well for sound editing (I’ve only used it a little for trimming sound files when I was trying to create sound effects). Unlike SOX (see below) Audacity has a user interface.
OpenSCAD: For creating 3d models using basic shapes (spheres, boxes etc.) for 3d printing.
VPython: I usually introduce my students to programming with VPython, which is a Pythno library for creating 3d visualizations. The VPython downloads pages include instructions for installing Python.

There are other odds and ends that you’ll find on my computer, like vlc for playing DVD’s, Combine PDF for rearranging pages in pdf documents, and TexShop for really nice typsetting, but there are a lot of good, free alternatives out there. Not a whole lot of games however.

Command Line Programs

If you’re comfortable using the Linux command line there are a number of programs, most of which have been ported to the major operating systems (and you can use the Cygwin program to use a lot of Linux commands if you’re on Windows), that can also be very useful:

SoX: For generating sound tones and notes (e.g.),
ImageMagick: the convert command is particularly useful for working with images (their example page is excellent). The GIMP is based on this program.
gifsicle: for help making animated gifs (particularly for optimizing them).

It All Depends on Your Point of View-2

Here’s a neat little video, which holds the Milky Way (galactic-centric) steady as the Earth rotates relative to it.

For comparison, here’s the original video by Stephane Guisard and Jose Francisco Salgado, showing the geocentric view of the sky moving:

It is always revelatory to see things from unexpected perspectives. Brian Swimme was amazed by the immensity of it when he first truly recognized that he was standing on a planet that was rotating through space orbiting the Sun.

The inner planets. (from my Solar System Model).

I’ve always been struck by the opposite point of view. To think that if you hold still enough, and think about it a bit, from one point of view you could be the central reference point for the entire universe, with everything else moving relative to you: the Earth still beneath your feet; the Sun (almost) orbiting around you; and the planets arcing through their epicycles.